High-throughput sequencing offers new possibilities in molecular ecology and conservation studies. However, its potential has not yet become fully exploited for noninvasive studies of free–ranging animals, such as those based on feces. High–throughput sequencing allows sequencing of short DNA fragments and could allow simultaneous genotyping of a very large number of samples and markers at a low cost. The application of high throughput genotyping to fecal samples from wildlife...

Saliva is a secretion rich in epithelial cells and an excellent source of DNA for genetic analysis. Attempts to identify wild vertebrates from noninvasive samples of saliva have been restricted to searching for food remains recently handled by target species. This approach often requires close tracking of animals, which is unfeasible for most species and may explain why saliva is seldom considered in ecological studies. Authors develop a noninvasive method of collection that combines baits...