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Effect of habitat quality on flying patterns of the butterfly Plebejus argus

Animal movement often changes with habitat quality. Butterfly movements may be influenced by structural attributes of habitat patches or may reflect the distribution of food, mates, host plants or...

Feather fault bars: review and model

First review and synthesis paper on feather fault bars. A model is proposed to link fault bar severity with the propensity to produce fault bars and the intensity of the perturbation. This study...

The costs of nestling begging behavior

Many theoretical models on the evolution of nestling begging assume this behavior is costly, so that only nestlings in real need of food would profit from giving intensive signals to parents....

Review of the main characteristics of bird integumentary melanins

Melanins are the ubiquitous pigments distributed in nature. They are one of the main pigments responsible for colors in living cells. Birds are among the most diverse animals regarding...