Research line: One health
The One Health and Biodiversity research line at the Doñana Biological Station (EBD-CSIC), adopts an integrative approach to understanding the links between human, animal, and environmental health. In a global context where around 75% of emerging infectious diseases are zoonotic and closely tied to ecosystem health, this research focuses on uncovering the ecological and evolutionary mechanisms underlying disease emergence, transmission, and persistence.
This line combines studies on different pathogens (both vector-borne and directly transmitted), vectors (particularly blood-feeding insects such as mosquitoes), and hosts (notably birds and bats), and their interactions with the environment. Key processes include transmission dynamics, host–parasite coevolution, and the influence of environmental factors, such as climate change and urbanization, on disease spread. Research covers important pathogens including West Nile virus, avian influenza, rabies, and other zoonotic agents, as well as the interactions between the microbiota, temperature and disease transmission. In parallel, a strong focus is placed on environmental toxicology, addressing emerging pollutants such as heavy metals, plastics, and antibiotics. Research examines their sources, distribution, dispersal pathways, and impacts on biodiversity, particularly in aquatic ecosystems.
The approach integrates advanced tools such as genomics, molecular ecology, and epidemiological modelling, alongside surveillance programs and knowledge transfer activities. Overall, this research line aims to improve the prediction, prevention, and control of infectious diseases, contributing to public health strategies and biodiversity conservation within a One Health framework.
