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Detection of Leishmania 2000 km away from its known distribution in South America

Zoonotic Visceral Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease affecting humans and other mammals and caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania infantum. The regions in Northern Argentina (above 32 °S) are its southern distribution limit in South America. Leishmania sp. DNA was detected in 37.5 % of 32 grey foxes (Pseudalopex griseus) captured in Argentinean Patagonia (48°S and 50°S).