Caracterización fenotípica y normas de reacción de linajes de Arabidopsis thaliana mediante experimentos de translocación entre ambientes diferenciados
Phenotypic characterization and reaction norms of Arabidopsis thaliana lineages using translocation experiments in different environments
Investigador principal
Xavier Picó
Entidad financiera
MIN ECONOMÍA Y COMPETITIVIDAD
Fecha de inicio
Fecha de fin
Código
CGL2012-33220
Departamento
Ecología y Evolución
Descripción
Hoy en día se puede decir que la planta anual Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis de ahora en adelante) representa un sistema modelo de estudio no solo para la genética sino para la ecología evolutiva. Esta afirmación queda avalada por todo el vasto conocimiento genético existente para Arabidopsis pero también por las características ecológicas y evolutivas de la especie que han empezado a ser estudias más recientemente. Para reforzar aún más esta visión de Arabidopsis como sistema de estudio, cabe destacar el 1,001 Genome Project que tiene la misión de secuenciar genomas enteros en una amplísima colección de linajes de todo el área de distribución de la especie. Así pues, muy pronto Arabidopsis permitirá analizar en profundidad la base genética y molecular de la variación adaptativa de caracteres con relevancia ecológica y evolutiva. Sin embargo, la falta de datos de variación fenotípica de caracteres de ciclo vital ecológica y evolutivamente importantes representa la principal limitación para conseguir este ambicioso objetivo. El principal objetivo de este proyecto es precisamente el de estudiar la variación fenotípica adaptativa en caracteres de ciclo vital de Arabidopsis mediante experimentos de translocación de linajes entre ambientes naturales contrastados. Para ello se plantea el desarrollo de un experimento de translocación de linajes de Arabidopsis entre dos campos experimentales (El Castillejo, Grazalema, Cádiz, 350 m, y La Cortijuela, Sierra Nevada, Granada, 1650 m) situados a distinta altitud y que difieren notablemente en las condiciones ambientales asociadas a dicha variación altitudinal. Los experimentos de translocación se realizarán con 200 linajes de Arabidopsis incluidos en la colección permanente de poblaciones de Arabidopsis de la península Ibérica generada por el IP de este proyecto y su principal colaborador (Dr. Carlos Alonso-Blanco; CNB-CSIC) desde 2003. Se tomarán datos de variación de caracteres de ciclo vital (i.e.: germinación, crecimiento vegetativo, supervivencia, y fecundidad) mediante seguimientos periódicos en ambos campos experimentales. Los experimentos se repetirán durante un mínimo de dos años. Además, otro objetivo de este proyecto incluye el sistema de información geográfico (SIG) desarrollado en un proyecto anterior de esta misma convocatoria. El SIG se aplicará para investigar la distribución potencial de la especie pero también la distribución de la variación genética y fenotípica generada en este proyecto. Cabe destacar que el SIG de Arabidopsis se está desarrollando para convertirse en una herramienta de búsqueda y selección de linajes de la península Ibérica (en base a criterios geográficos, ecológicos y genéticos) para la comunidad de Arabidopsis interesada en el estudio de la variación natural como fuente de variación genética funcional. Dentro del marco de este proyecto también se prevé continuar con los estudios de historia natural y biología de las poblaciones de Arabidopsis que se está llevando a cabo ininterrumpidamente desde 2007 en poblaciones de la península Ibérica. La comprensión y la interpretación de datos ecológicos y genéticos de campo representan la clave para plantear hipótesis realistas, diseñar los experimentos más idóneos en cada caso, y también para contextualizar los resultados en el marco teórico más adecuado.
At present, the annual plant Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis hereafter) represents a model system for genetics but also for evolutionary ecology. This is totally supported by the species' well-known genetic attributes as well as recent studies in the fields of ecology and evolutionary ecology on natural Arabidopsis populations across its distribution range. Furthermore, the 1,001 Genome Project is going to generate whole-genome sequences of worldwide natural Arabidopsis accessions in the short term. Therefore, for the first time we can attempt to comprehensively analyze the molecular and genetic basis of adaptive variation in Arabidopsis using whole-genome data. However, there is an important limitation to achieve this goal: the lack of phenotyping of fitness-related life-cycle traits of Arabidopsis in natural environments. The main objective of this project is to bridge this gap of knowledge by conducting transplant experiments of Arabidopsis accessions between contrasting natural environments to assess adaptive phenotypic variation in life-cycle traits. Based on previous knowledge, we test the hypothesis that Arabidopsis is localy adapted to environmental conditions mediated by altitude. In other words, altitude and its associated environmental conditions strongly shaped several life-cycle traits that permit the plant to perform well and thrive across contrasting natural environments. To this end, two experimental gardens in Southern Spain, El Castillejo (Grazalema, Cádiz, 350 m) and La Cortijuela (Sierra Nevada, Granada, 1650 m), that significantly differ in altitude and subsequent associated environmental conditions, are selected to conduct transplant experiments over at least two years. Experiments will include 200 non-redundant Arabidopsis accessions from the collection of Arabidopsis populations of the Iberian Peninsula generated by the PI of this project and his main collaborator (Dr. Carlos Alonso-Blanco; CNB-CSIC) since 2003. Variation in key life-cycle traits, including germination timing, vegetative growth, plant survival, flowering time, and reproductive effort will be quantified periodically at both experimental gardens. The GIS-enabled application developed in a previous granted project of this same call will be applied to investigate the environmental variation influecing the species' potential distribution range as well as the potential distribution of genetic diversity and quantitative variation in life-cycle traits. The GIS-enabled application will become a tool for the Arabidopsis community interested in natural variation to select Iberian accessions based on their ecological, environmental, genetic and phenotypic characteristics. The last goal of this project is to continue the studies on the biology and natural history of Arabidopsis populations, which are being conducted uninterruptedly since 2007. The understanding and interpretation of field ecological and genetic data provides the knowledge needed to pose realistic hypotheses, design the most appropriate experiments to answer different questions, and contextualize the results and their interpretation in their adequate theoretical framework.
At present, the annual plant Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis hereafter) represents a model system for genetics but also for evolutionary ecology. This is totally supported by the species' well-known genetic attributes as well as recent studies in the fields of ecology and evolutionary ecology on natural Arabidopsis populations across its distribution range. Furthermore, the 1,001 Genome Project is going to generate whole-genome sequences of worldwide natural Arabidopsis accessions in the short term. Therefore, for the first time we can attempt to comprehensively analyze the molecular and genetic basis of adaptive variation in Arabidopsis using whole-genome data. However, there is an important limitation to achieve this goal: the lack of phenotyping of fitness-related life-cycle traits of Arabidopsis in natural environments. The main objective of this project is to bridge this gap of knowledge by conducting transplant experiments of Arabidopsis accessions between contrasting natural environments to assess adaptive phenotypic variation in life-cycle traits. Based on previous knowledge, we test the hypothesis that Arabidopsis is localy adapted to environmental conditions mediated by altitude. In other words, altitude and its associated environmental conditions strongly shaped several life-cycle traits that permit the plant to perform well and thrive across contrasting natural environments. To this end, two experimental gardens in Southern Spain, El Castillejo (Grazalema, Cádiz, 350 m) and La Cortijuela (Sierra Nevada, Granada, 1650 m), that significantly differ in altitude and subsequent associated environmental conditions, are selected to conduct transplant experiments over at least two years. Experiments will include 200 non-redundant Arabidopsis accessions from the collection of Arabidopsis populations of the Iberian Peninsula generated by the PI of this project and his main collaborator (Dr. Carlos Alonso-Blanco; CNB-CSIC) since 2003. Variation in key life-cycle traits, including germination timing, vegetative growth, plant survival, flowering time, and reproductive effort will be quantified periodically at both experimental gardens. The GIS-enabled application developed in a previous granted project of this same call will be applied to investigate the environmental variation influecing the species' potential distribution range as well as the potential distribution of genetic diversity and quantitative variation in life-cycle traits. The GIS-enabled application will become a tool for the Arabidopsis community interested in natural variation to select Iberian accessions based on their ecological, environmental, genetic and phenotypic characteristics. The last goal of this project is to continue the studies on the biology and natural history of Arabidopsis populations, which are being conducted uninterruptedly since 2007. The understanding and interpretation of field ecological and genetic data provides the knowledge needed to pose realistic hypotheses, design the most appropriate experiments to answer different questions, and contextualize the results and their interpretation in their adequate theoretical framework.