Identification of the genomic regions under selection during dog domestication is extremely challenging because the demographic fluctuations associated with domestication can produce signals in polymorphism data that mimic those imposed by selective sweeps. Here it is performed the first analysis of selection on the dog lineage that explicitly incorporates a demographic model, that by controlling for the rate of false discovery, more robustly identifies targets of selection.

Understanding what shapes variation in genetic diversity among species remains a major challenge in evolutionary ecology, and it has been seldom studied in parasites and other host-symbiont systems. Here, mtDNA variation has been studied in a host-symbiont non-model system.

Las aves terrestres longevas y de gran tamaño muestran típicamente un comportamiento sedentario en las islas, incluso cuando son migratorias en el continente. La variación denso-dependiente de la edad cuando alcancen la madurez sexual se ha descrito como responsable de la persistencia a largo plazo de poblaciones de aves longevas en las islas. Sin embargo, las poblaciones insulares se benefician también de una mayor tasa de supervivencia por el hecho de no migrar.